AI Sampling Singapore Mahi Matua: Hoahoanga Whare Noho by Immanuel Koh

AI Sampling Singapore Mahi Matua: Hoahoanga Whare Noho by Immanuel Koh is a highly esteemed winner of the very prestigious 2025 A' Design Award Rino in Hoahoa Hanga, Hātepe, Tawhā me te AI-Āwhina Competition Category.

RinoHoahoa Hanga· 2025

AI Sampling Singapore Mahi Matua: Hoahoanga Whare Noho

by Immanuel Koh

Client: Immanuel Koh

A' Design Award Rino Winner in Hoahoa Hanga Category

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The Design

About AI Sampling Singapore Mahi Matua: Hoahoanga Whare Noho

Kuputuhi Pukapuka: He tāone hangarau a Singapore. I whakangungua ki tētahi pātengi raraunga nui o ngā tauira matihiko 3D o ngā whare tiketike e kitea ana i Singapore, ka hangaia e te tauira AI i hoahoatia motuhaketia ehara i te mea ko ngā whakaritenga e tika ana te āhua me te hāngai o te tikanga anake, engari ka tīmata anō hoki ki te whakaaroaro i ngā āhua hoahoanga hou, mīharo hoki, mā te whakaurunga me te whakawhānuitanga i waenga i ngā momo whare tiketike noho paerewa pēnei i ngā paraka papa, paraka tohu, me ngā paraka tautau.

The Recognition

About the A' Design Award Rino

Ko AI Sampling Singapore Mahi Matua: Hoahoanga Whare Noho te toa o te A' Design Award Rino, he whakaaetanga whai mana e hoatu ana ki ngā hoahoa pai e whakatutuki ana i ngā hiahia ngaio me te ahumahi e tūmanakohia ana mai i ngā mahi kua hoahoatia pai. Ko ngā toa Rino e whakaatu ana i te pukenga nui, te tohungatanga teitei, te māramatanga mātanga me te kaha auaha o ō rātou kaihanga. E tūmanakohia ana ko AI Sampling Singapore Mahi Matua: Hoahoanga Whare Noho he mahi whakanuia, whakamīharotia, aroha nui, he whaihua, he auaha hoki. Ko tēnei hoahoa i toa i te Rino e whakakotahi ana i ngā tikanga pai rawa o te ahumahi, ā, he āhuatanga hangarau pūkenga tōna e hono ana ki te mōhio me te pūmanawa. E whakahonoretia ana a AI Sampling Singapore Mahi Matua: Hoahoanga Whare Noho mō tōna tōtika, ā, i hoahoatia hei whakapai ake i te kounga o te oranga me te āwhina i te ao kia pai ake.

Behind the Design

Press Kit

Credits, team members and technical details provided by the designer.

Unique Properties: Is it possible to sample at scale and at high-resolution every single building ever built in a country? If so, can such a dataset be used to train an AI model in generating new yet locally compliant buildings without any explicit regulatory control inputs? The project explores the design agency of deep generative neural networks in learning three-dimensional exteriority and interiority with a redesigned 3D generative adversarial network (3D-GAN) AI model. Winner of WAFX2024, IDA2024 and BLT2024.
Dimensions & Packaging: This is a digital AI x Architecture project. Each generated output is a new high-rise high-density residential public housing of up to 30 floors.
Tags: AI
Production Technology: A custom generative AI model was trained from scratch using proprietary code base and dataset. Specifically, a 3D generative adversarial network (3D-GAN) AI model was trained to learn semantic and spatial configuration of high-rise high-density residential public housing in Singapore.
Design Challenge: The non-existence of 3D models and their corresponding floor plans was the first challenge. New workflow and tools had to be developed to not only collect (i.e., digitally and physically), but create (annotate) and curate (i.e., exploratory data analysis) such high quality dataset to train an AI model from scratch. Technically difficult due to the scalability of similar CAD representation which was overcome via a novel AI latent representation of 3D.
Research: A custom generative AI model was trained from scratch using proprietary code base and dataset. Specifically, a 3D generative adversarial network (3D-GAN) AI model was trained to learn semantic and spatial configuration of high-rise high-density residential public housing in Singapore.
Inspiration: Singapore is an artificial city! Trained with a large dataset of 3D digital models of high-rise buildings found in Singapore, the custom-designed AI model generates not only formally plausible and semantically coherent configurations, but begins to also imagine novel and uncanny architectural forms, interpolating and extrapolating among standard high-rise housing typologies such as the slab, point, and cluster blocks. Project exhibited at Venice Architecture Biennale and Singapore's Arts House.
Project Duration: This is an on-going and longer-term AI x Architecture research being conducted at the university design lab since 2021. It was however only published much later as an official architectural design award entry from 2024 onwards.
Operation Flow: This is a digital AI x Architecture generative research project, while the dataset was digitally collected from existing physical buildings in Singapore.
Patents: Currently no patent.
Team Members: Artificial-Architecture
Image Credits: All credits: Artificial-Architecture