AI Sampling Singapore Fungsi Utama: Seni Bina Perumahan by Immanuel Koh

AI Sampling Singapore Fungsi Utama: Seni Bina Perumahan by Immanuel Koh is a highly esteemed winner of the very prestigious 2025 A' Design Award Besi in Reka Bentuk Generatif, Algoritmik, Parametrik dan Berbantu AI Competition Category.

BesiGeneratif· 2025

AI Sampling Singapore Fungsi Utama: Seni Bina Perumahan

by Immanuel Koh

Client: Immanuel Koh

A' Design Award Besi Winner in Generatif Category

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Colors

The Design

About AI Sampling Singapore Fungsi Utama: Seni Bina Perumahan

Teks Buku: Singapura ialah sebuah kota buatan. Dilatih dengan set data besar model digital 3D bangunan pencakar langit yang terdapat di Singapura, model AI yang direka khas ini bukan sahaja menjana konfigurasi yang munasabah dari segi bentuk dan koheren dari segi semantik, malah mula membayangkan bentuk seni bina yang baharu dan luar biasa, menginterpolasi dan mengekstrapolasi antara tipologi perumahan pencakar langit standard seperti blok kepingan, blok titik, dan blok kelompok.

The Recognition

About the A' Design Award Besi

AI Sampling Singapore Fungsi Utama: Seni Bina Perumahan ialah pemenang A' Design Award Besi, pengiktirafan yang berprestij yang dianugerahkan kepada reka bentuk yang baik yang memenuhi keperluan profesional dan industri yang dijangka daripada ciptaan yang direka dengan baik. Pemenang Besi menunjukkan kemahiran yang besar, kepakaran yang tinggi, kefahaman pakar dan keupayaan kreatif penciptanya. AI Sampling Singapore Fungsi Utama: Seni Bina Perumahan diharapkan menjadi ciptaan yang sangat dihargai, dikagumi dan disayangi yang praktikal dan inovatif. Reka bentuk pemenang A' Design Award Besi ini menyepadukan amalan terbaik industri dan mempunyai ciri teknikal yang kompeten yang dikaitkan dengan kepakaran dan bakat. AI Sampling Singapore Fungsi Utama: Seni Bina Perumahan dihormati kerana ketelitiannya dan direka untuk memberikan peningkatan kualiti hidup yang membantu menjadikan dunia tempat yang lebih baik.

Behind the Design

Press Kit

Credits, team members and technical details provided by the designer.

Unique Properties: Is it possible to sample at scale and at high-resolution every single building ever built in a country? If so, can such a dataset be used to train an AI model in generating new yet locally compliant buildings without any explicit regulatory control inputs? The project explores the design agency of deep generative neural networks in learning three-dimensional exteriority and interiority with a redesigned 3D generative adversarial network (3D-GAN) AI model. Winner of WAFX2024, IDA2024 and BLT2024.
Dimensions & Packaging: This is a digital AI x Architecture project. Each generated output is a new high-rise high-density residential public housing of up to 30 floors.
Tags: AI
Production Technology: A custom generative AI model was trained from scratch using proprietary code base and dataset. Specifically, a 3D generative adversarial network (3D-GAN) AI model was trained to learn semantic and spatial configuration of high-rise high-density residential public housing in Singapore.
Design Challenge: The non-existence of 3D models and their corresponding floor plans was the first challenge. New workflow and tools had to be developed to not only collect (i.e., digitally and physically), but create (annotate) and curate (i.e., exploratory data analysis) such high quality dataset to train an AI model from scratch. Technically difficult due to the scalability of similar CAD representation which was overcome via a novel AI latent representation of 3D.
Research: A custom generative AI model was trained from scratch using proprietary code base and dataset. Specifically, a 3D generative adversarial network (3D-GAN) AI model was trained to learn semantic and spatial configuration of high-rise high-density residential public housing in Singapore.
Inspiration: Singapore is an artificial city! Trained with a large dataset of 3D digital models of high-rise buildings found in Singapore, the custom-designed AI model generates not only formally plausible and semantically coherent configurations, but begins to also imagine novel and uncanny architectural forms, interpolating and extrapolating among standard high-rise housing typologies such as the slab, point, and cluster blocks. Project exhibited at Venice Architecture Biennale and Singapore's Arts House.
Project Duration: This is an on-going and longer-term AI x Architecture research being conducted at the university design lab since 2021. It was however only published much later as an official architectural design award entry from 2024 onwards.
Operation Flow: This is a digital AI x Architecture generative research project, while the dataset was digitally collected from existing physical buildings in Singapore.
Patents: Currently no patent.
Team Members: Artificial-Architecture
Image Credits: All credits: Artificial-Architecture