AI Sampling Singapore Foncion Principala: Arquitectura d'Abitatge by Immanuel Koh

AI Sampling Singapore Foncion Principala: Arquitectura d'Abitatge by Immanuel Koh is a highly esteemed winner of the very prestigious 2025 A' Design Award de Fèrre in Generatiu Competition Category.

FèrreGeneratiu· 2025

AI Sampling Singapore Foncion Principala: Arquitectura d'Abitatge

by Immanuel Koh

Client: Immanuel Koh

A' Design Award de Fèrre Winner in Generatiu Category

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The Design

About AI Sampling Singapore Foncion Principala: Arquitectura d'Abitatge

Tèxte del Libre: Singapor es una vila artificiala. Entrainat amb un grand ensemble de donadas de modèls numerics 3D de bastiments nauts presents a Singapor, lo modèl d'IA concebut sus mesura genèra non solament de configuracions formalament plausiblas e semanticament coërentas, mas comença tanben a imaginar de formas arquitecturalas novèlas e estranhas, en interpolant e extrapolant entre las tipologias estandard d'abitatge naut coma los blòts en lausa, en punt e en clòt.

The Recognition

About the A' Design Award de Fèrre

AI Sampling Singapore Foncion Principala: Arquitectura d'Abitatge a ganhat la distincion A' Design Award de Fèrre, una reconeissença prestigiosa acordada a de bons designs que respondon a las exigéncias professionalas e industrialas esperadas de creacions plan concebudas. Los ganhaires del Fèrre demòstran una granda abilitat, una nauta especializacion, una comprenedura d'expèrt e la capacitat creativa de lors creators. S'espèra que AI Sampling Singapore Foncion Principala: Arquitectura d'Abitatge siá una creacion fòrça considerada, admirada e estimada, practica e innovanta. Aqueste design ganhaire de la distincion A' Design Award de Fèrre integra las melhoras practicas del sector e a de caracteristicas tecnicas competentas ligadas a un saber-far e a un talent. Per son rigor, AI Sampling Singapore Foncion Principala: Arquitectura d'Abitatge merita lo respècte e es destinat a aportar de melhoraments a la qualitat de la vida que ajudan a far del mond un luòc melhor.

Behind the Design

Press Kit

Credits, team members and technical details provided by the designer.

Unique Properties: Is it possible to sample at scale and at high-resolution every single building ever built in a country? If so, can such a dataset be used to train an AI model in generating new yet locally compliant buildings without any explicit regulatory control inputs? The project explores the design agency of deep generative neural networks in learning three-dimensional exteriority and interiority with a redesigned 3D generative adversarial network (3D-GAN) AI model. Winner of WAFX2024, IDA2024 and BLT2024.
Dimensions & Packaging: This is a digital AI x Architecture project. Each generated output is a new high-rise high-density residential public housing of up to 30 floors.
Tags: AI
Production Technology: A custom generative AI model was trained from scratch using proprietary code base and dataset. Specifically, a 3D generative adversarial network (3D-GAN) AI model was trained to learn semantic and spatial configuration of high-rise high-density residential public housing in Singapore.
Design Challenge: The non-existence of 3D models and their corresponding floor plans was the first challenge. New workflow and tools had to be developed to not only collect (i.e., digitally and physically), but create (annotate) and curate (i.e., exploratory data analysis) such high quality dataset to train an AI model from scratch. Technically difficult due to the scalability of similar CAD representation which was overcome via a novel AI latent representation of 3D.
Research: A custom generative AI model was trained from scratch using proprietary code base and dataset. Specifically, a 3D generative adversarial network (3D-GAN) AI model was trained to learn semantic and spatial configuration of high-rise high-density residential public housing in Singapore.
Inspiration: Singapore is an artificial city! Trained with a large dataset of 3D digital models of high-rise buildings found in Singapore, the custom-designed AI model generates not only formally plausible and semantically coherent configurations, but begins to also imagine novel and uncanny architectural forms, interpolating and extrapolating among standard high-rise housing typologies such as the slab, point, and cluster blocks. Project exhibited at Venice Architecture Biennale and Singapore's Arts House.
Project Duration: This is an on-going and longer-term AI x Architecture research being conducted at the university design lab since 2021. It was however only published much later as an official architectural design award entry from 2024 onwards.
Operation Flow: This is a digital AI x Architecture generative research project, while the dataset was digitally collected from existing physical buildings in Singapore.
Patents: Currently no patent.
Team Members: Artificial-Architecture
Image Credits: All credits: Artificial-Architecture