AI Sampling Singapore Primary Function: Arsitéktur Perumahan by Immanuel Koh

AI Sampling Singapore Primary Function: Arsitéktur Perumahan by Immanuel Koh is a highly esteemed winner of the very prestigious 2025 A' Design Award Beusi in Géneratif Competition Category.

BeusiGéneratif· 2025

AI Sampling Singapore Primary Function: Arsitéktur Perumahan

by Immanuel Koh

Client: Immanuel Koh

A' Design Award Beusi Winner in Géneratif Category

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Verified Award Winner

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The Design

About AI Sampling Singapore Primary Function: Arsitéktur Perumahan

Book Text: Singapura téh kota buatan. Dilatih ku susunan data anu lega tina modél digital 3D gedong-gedong jangkung anu aya di Singapura, modél AI anu dirarancang husus ieu lain ngan ngahasilkeun konfigurasi anu formalna mungkin tur sacara semantik koheren, tapi mimiti ogé ngabayangkeun wangun arsitéktur anu anyar tur anéh, ngainterpolasi sarta ngaékstrapolasi di antara tipologi perumahan jangkung baku saperti blok slab, point, jeung cluster.

The Recognition

About the A' Design Award Beusi

AI Sampling Singapore Primary Function: Arsitéktur Perumahan mangrupa juara A' Design Award Beusi, pangakuan anu bergengsi anu dipasihkeun ka desain alus anu minuhan sarat profésional jeung industri anu diharepkeun tina kréasi anu dirarancang alus. Para juara Beusi nunjukkeun kaahlian anu hébat, spésialisasi anu luhur, pamahaman ahli jeung kamampuh kréatif para kréatorna. AI Sampling Singapore Primary Function: Arsitéktur Perumahan diharepkeun jadi kréasi anu dihargaan, dikagumi jeung dipikanyaah anu praktis jeung inovatif. Desain juara A' Design Award Beusi ieu ngalebetkeun prakték pangalusna industri sarta ngabogaan ciri téknis anu mampuh pakait jeung pangweruh praktis jeung bakat. AI Sampling Singapore Primary Function: Arsitéktur Perumahan dihormat pikeun katelitianana sarta dirarancang pikeun méré paningkatan kualitas hirup anu mantuan ngajadikeun dunya tempat nu leuwih hadé.

Behind the Design

Press Kit

Credits, team members and technical details provided by the designer.

Unique Properties: Is it possible to sample at scale and at high-resolution every single building ever built in a country? If so, can such a dataset be used to train an AI model in generating new yet locally compliant buildings without any explicit regulatory control inputs? The project explores the design agency of deep generative neural networks in learning three-dimensional exteriority and interiority with a redesigned 3D generative adversarial network (3D-GAN) AI model. Winner of WAFX2024, IDA2024 and BLT2024.
Dimensions & Packaging: This is a digital AI x Architecture project. Each generated output is a new high-rise high-density residential public housing of up to 30 floors.
Tags: AI
Production Technology: A custom generative AI model was trained from scratch using proprietary code base and dataset. Specifically, a 3D generative adversarial network (3D-GAN) AI model was trained to learn semantic and spatial configuration of high-rise high-density residential public housing in Singapore.
Design Challenge: The non-existence of 3D models and their corresponding floor plans was the first challenge. New workflow and tools had to be developed to not only collect (i.e., digitally and physically), but create (annotate) and curate (i.e., exploratory data analysis) such high quality dataset to train an AI model from scratch. Technically difficult due to the scalability of similar CAD representation which was overcome via a novel AI latent representation of 3D.
Research: A custom generative AI model was trained from scratch using proprietary code base and dataset. Specifically, a 3D generative adversarial network (3D-GAN) AI model was trained to learn semantic and spatial configuration of high-rise high-density residential public housing in Singapore.
Inspiration: Singapore is an artificial city! Trained with a large dataset of 3D digital models of high-rise buildings found in Singapore, the custom-designed AI model generates not only formally plausible and semantically coherent configurations, but begins to also imagine novel and uncanny architectural forms, interpolating and extrapolating among standard high-rise housing typologies such as the slab, point, and cluster blocks. Project exhibited at Venice Architecture Biennale and Singapore's Arts House.
Project Duration: This is an on-going and longer-term AI x Architecture research being conducted at the university design lab since 2021. It was however only published much later as an official architectural design award entry from 2024 onwards.
Operation Flow: This is a digital AI x Architecture generative research project, while the dataset was digitally collected from existing physical buildings in Singapore.
Patents: Currently no patent.
Team Members: Artificial-Architecture
Image Credits: All credits: Artificial-Architecture