DefeXtiles Ọ̀nà Ṣíṣe Aṣọ Híhun by Jack Forman

DefeXtiles Ọ̀nà Ṣíṣe Aṣọ Híhun by Jack Forman is a highly esteemed winner of the very prestigious 2021 Àmì-ẹ̀yẹ Idẹ A' Design Award in Àpẹẹrẹ Ohun Ìtẹ̀ 3D àti Ọjà Competition Category.

IdẹÌtẹ̀ 3D· 2021

DefeXtiles Ọ̀nà Ṣíṣe Aṣọ Híhun

by Jack Forman

Client: Tangible Media Group, MIT Media Lab

Àmì-ẹ̀yẹ Idẹ A' Design Award Winner in Ìtẹ̀ 3D Category

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The Design

About DefeXtiles Ọ̀nà Ṣíṣe Aṣọ Híhun

DefeXtiles jẹ́ ọgbọ́n-ẹ̀rọ kan fún ṣíṣe àwọn aṣọ híhun tí ó fẹ́lẹ́, tí ó sì rọ̀ rírọ̀ nípa lílo àwọn ẹ̀rọ tí ń tẹ ohun ní ìwọ̀n mẹ́ta (3D printers) tí ó wọ́pọ̀. Ọ̀nà yìí ń darí bí a ṣe ń fa ohun èlò jáde ní ìwọ̀n kékeré (under-extrusion) kí àwọn èròjà kéékèèké lè dá sílẹ̀ pẹ̀lú àwọn okùn tín-ínrín ní àárín wọn. Àwọn àlàfo tí ó ń tẹ̀síwájú tí ó dá sílẹ̀ látàrí èyí ń fún aṣọ tí a tẹ̀ jáde ní ìrísí tí ó jọ ti aṣọ híhun, agbára láti gba afẹ́fẹ́ kọjá, ìrọ̀rùn àti agbára láti nawọ́, kódà pẹ̀lú àwọn ohun èlò líle bí polylactic acid. A ń tẹ àwọn aṣọ yìí ní ọ̀nà tí ó jẹ́ agbélébùú (perpendicular) sí pákó títẹ̀wé, nítorí náà a lè ṣe àwọn ìrísí tí ó ní ìkọ̀wé àti ìte. Àwọn ìlò rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú aṣọ ìwọ̀, àwọn ojú-ìṣàkóso tí a lè fọwọ́ kàn, àti àwọn bọ́ọ̀lù shuttlecock. A lè fi okùn tí ó lè ṣe iṣẹ́ iná mọ̀nàmọ́ná (conductive filament) sí inú aṣọ náà láti fi ojú-ọ̀nà iná mọ̀nàmọ́ná sí i.

The Recognition

About the Àmì-ẹ̀yẹ Idẹ A' Design Award

DefeXtiles Ọ̀nà Ṣíṣe Aṣọ Híhun jẹ́ olùborí Àmì-ẹ̀yẹ Idẹ A' Design Award, ìdánimọ̀ olókìkí gan-an tí a fún àwọn àwòṣe tó tayọ tí wọ́n yàtọ̀ nípasẹ̀ ìṣẹ̀dá, àrékérekè àti ọgbọ́n inú. Àwọn olùborí Idẹ jẹ́ àwọn ohun èlò tó ní ìjáfáfá gan-an tí wọ́n sì ní ìṣẹ̀dá tó yani lẹ́nu tí wọ́n ń ṣe ẹ̀rí ìrírí gbígbòòrò, ìrònú àti ọgbọ́n àwọn olùṣàwòṣe wọn. A retí pé DefeXtiles Ọ̀nà Ṣíṣe Aṣọ Híhun yóò jẹ́ ohun tí a kà sí gidigidi, tí a gbóríyìn fún tí a sì nífẹ̀ẹ́, tó jẹ́ ti ọ̀jáfáfá lọ́nà tó ṣe pàtàkì tó sì ní ìmúṣẹ̀dá tuntun. Àwòṣe tó borí Àmì-ẹ̀yẹ Idẹ A' Design Award yìí ń kó àwọn ọ̀nà tó dára jùlọ nínú iṣẹ́ ọnà, sáyẹ́ǹsì, àwòṣe àti ìmọ̀-ẹ̀rọ jọ, ó sì tayọ nítorí àfiyèsí rẹ̀ sí àwọn àlàyé kékeré. DefeXtiles Ọ̀nà Ṣíṣe Aṣọ Híhun ń tẹ́ àwọn ohun tí a nílò lọ́rùn lọ́nà àgbàyanu, ó ń fọwọ́ kan àwọn ìfẹ́ inú, ó ń gbà ọkàn ó sì ń fa ìfẹ́ láti mọ̀ mọ́ra.

Behind the Design

Press Kit

Credits, team members and technical details provided by the designer.

Unique Properties: DefeXtiles is a rapid and low-cost technique to produce realistic high-fidelity textiles on 3D printers. In this work, we demonstrate that under-extrusion defects can be finely controlled to quickly print thin flexible textiles into complex 3D shapes. Our approach enables a myriad of applications including printing full sized garments, deformable tangible interfaces, and ultra-tough shuttlecocks.
Tags: textile, 3d print, lace, advanced manufacturing, fabric
Production Technology: In this paper, we demonstrate that under-extrusion can be leveraged to quickly print thin, flexible, textiles. Specifically, as the extrusion multiplier decreases, there exists an ideal regime where globs form with fine strands connecting them. The periodic gaps that arise from printing this way not only yields textile-like aesthetics and breathability, but also textile-like properties such as flexibility and stretchability even with classically rigid materials such as polylactic acid (PLA).
Design Challenge: To democratize access and ability to make 3D forms with textiles by developing a new technique that allows textiles to be 3D printed into complex 3-dimensional forms using unmodified commodity 3D printer and no new software.
Research: We present a new strategy, called DefeXtiles, to 3D print quasi-woven fabrics that are thin, flexible, and fast to fabricate. Since our approach prints the textiles perpendicular to the print bed, complex geometries can be produced including pleated, curved, and metamaterial structures. With our approach, a standard 3D printer can print decameters of fabric in a single print. The use of multi-material printers allows users to embed circuit traces into the textile via conductive filament.
Inspiration: For thousands of years, the manufacturing of textiles into shaped forms has remained largely the same; fiber becomes a fabric which is then constructed into a 3D object. The high-tech approach, machine knitting, uses expensive machines with a significant learning curve for use. The low-tech approach, classic sewing, requires painstaking processes. As such, there is a need for a fast and accessible approach to manufacture textiles into 3D forms.
Project Duration: Started in October 2019 in Cambridge Massachusettes, and finished in June 2020. The work will be presented and demoed at the ACM User Interface Software and Technology Symposium 2020.
Operation Flow: This work has introduced a new approach to quickly print thin, flexible textiles composed of common 3D printing ma-terials with an unmodified 3D printer. Our approach com-bines the flexible, thin, and breathable properties of textiles with the affordances of 3D printing: rapid iteration, hands-free fabrication, and computer aided design. Through char-acterization, we demonstrate how our approach enables tun-ing of the mechanical and aesthetic properties through mate-rial and parameter selection. Through a series of applica-tions, we demonstrated the potential applicability of our approach for smart textiles, tangible online shopping, toys, fabric design, and everyday life.
Team Members: Jack Forman, Mustafa Doga Dogan, Hamilton Foryseth and Hiroshi Ishii