AI Sampling Singapore Umsebenzi Oyinhloko: Ukwakhiwa Kwezindlu by Immanuel Koh

AI Sampling Singapore Umsebenzi Oyinhloko: Ukwakhiwa Kwezindlu by Immanuel Koh is a highly esteemed winner of the very prestigious 2025 Umklomelo Wensimbi we-A' Design Award in Okuzenzakalelayo Competition Category.

InsimbiOkuzenzakalelayo· 2025

AI Sampling Singapore Umsebenzi Oyinhloko: Ukwakhiwa Kwezindlu

by Immanuel Koh

Client: Immanuel Koh

Umklomelo Wensimbi we-A' Design Award Winner in Okuzenzakalelayo Category

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The Design

About AI Sampling Singapore Umsebenzi Oyinhloko: Ukwakhiwa Kwezindlu

Umbhalo Wencwadi: ISingapore yidolobha elenziwe ngokwakhiwa. Iqeqeshwe ngesethi yedatha enkulu yamamodeli edijithali e-3D ezakhiwo eziphakeme ezitholakala eSingapore, imodeli ye-AI eyenzelwe ngokwezifiso ayigcini nje ngokukhiqiza izimo ezinokuba khona ngokwesakhiwo neziqondene ngokwencazelo, kodwa iqala futhi nokucabanga izimo zezakhiwo ezintsha nezimangalisayo, ihumusha futhi iqagela phakathi kwezinhlobo ezijwayelekile zezindlu eziphakeme njengamabhulokhi e-slab, e-point, kanye ne-cluster.

The Recognition

About the Umklomelo Wensimbi we-A' Design Award

AI Sampling Singapore Umsebenzi Oyinhloko: Ukwakhiwa Kwezindlu iwinile uMklomelo Wensimbi we-A' Design Award, ukwaziswa okuhloniphekile okunikezwa imiklamo emihle ehlangabezana nezidingo zobungcweti nezemboni ezilindelekile ezimpahleni ezihlelwe kahle. Abawinile beNsimbi babonisa ikhono elikhulu, ubungcweti obuphezulu, ukuqonda kochwepheshe namandla okudala abadali babo. AI Sampling Singapore Umsebenzi Oyinhloko: Ukwakhiwa Kwezindlu ilindeleke ukuba ibe yinto exatshwa kakhulu, edunyiswayo nethandwayo esebenzayo nenezinto ezintsha. Lo mklamo owinile uMklomelo Wensimbi we-A' Design Award uhlanganisa izindlela ezinhle kakhulu zemboni futhi unezimfanelo zobuchwepheshe ezifanelekile ezihlanganiswe nolwazi nethalente. AI Sampling Singapore Umsebenzi Oyinhloko: Ukwakhiwa Kwezindlu iyahlonishwa ngenxa yokucophelela kwayo futhi ihlelelwe ukulethela izinguquko zomgangatho wempilo ezisiza ukwenza umhlaba ube yindawo engcono.

Behind the Design

Press Kit

Credits, team members and technical details provided by the designer.

Unique Properties: Is it possible to sample at scale and at high-resolution every single building ever built in a country? If so, can such a dataset be used to train an AI model in generating new yet locally compliant buildings without any explicit regulatory control inputs? The project explores the design agency of deep generative neural networks in learning three-dimensional exteriority and interiority with a redesigned 3D generative adversarial network (3D-GAN) AI model. Winner of WAFX2024, IDA2024 and BLT2024.
Dimensions & Packaging: This is a digital AI x Architecture project. Each generated output is a new high-rise high-density residential public housing of up to 30 floors.
Tags: AI
Production Technology: A custom generative AI model was trained from scratch using proprietary code base and dataset. Specifically, a 3D generative adversarial network (3D-GAN) AI model was trained to learn semantic and spatial configuration of high-rise high-density residential public housing in Singapore.
Design Challenge: The non-existence of 3D models and their corresponding floor plans was the first challenge. New workflow and tools had to be developed to not only collect (i.e., digitally and physically), but create (annotate) and curate (i.e., exploratory data analysis) such high quality dataset to train an AI model from scratch. Technically difficult due to the scalability of similar CAD representation which was overcome via a novel AI latent representation of 3D.
Research: A custom generative AI model was trained from scratch using proprietary code base and dataset. Specifically, a 3D generative adversarial network (3D-GAN) AI model was trained to learn semantic and spatial configuration of high-rise high-density residential public housing in Singapore.
Inspiration: Singapore is an artificial city! Trained with a large dataset of 3D digital models of high-rise buildings found in Singapore, the custom-designed AI model generates not only formally plausible and semantically coherent configurations, but begins to also imagine novel and uncanny architectural forms, interpolating and extrapolating among standard high-rise housing typologies such as the slab, point, and cluster blocks. Project exhibited at Venice Architecture Biennale and Singapore's Arts House.
Project Duration: This is an on-going and longer-term AI x Architecture research being conducted at the university design lab since 2021. It was however only published much later as an official architectural design award entry from 2024 onwards.
Operation Flow: This is a digital AI x Architecture generative research project, while the dataset was digitally collected from existing physical buildings in Singapore.
Patents: Currently no patent.
Team Members: Artificial-Architecture
Image Credits: All credits: Artificial-Architecture