DefeXtiles 紡織物製造技術 by Jack Forman is a highly esteemed winner of the very prestigious 2021 A' Design Award 銅獎 in 三維打印設計 Competition Category.

銅三維打印· 2021

DefeXtiles 紡織物製造技術

by Jack Forman

Client: Tangible Media Group, MIT Media Lab

A' Design Award 銅獎 Winner in 三維打印 Category

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The Design

About DefeXtiles 紡織物製造技術

DefeXtiles係一種可以喺標準3D打印機上製作薄身、柔軟紡織物嘅技術。呢個方法透過控制擠出不足嘅程度，令細小嘅膠粒之間形成幼細嘅絲狀連接。噉樣產生嘅週期性空隙令打印出嚟嘅布料具有似紡織品咁嘅外觀、透氣性、柔韌性同伸縮性，即使用聚乳酸（PLA）呢類剛性材料都得。呢種紡織物係垂直於打印平台方向打印出嚟嘅，所以可以製作出摺疊同彎曲嘅形狀。應用範圍包括服裝、實體互動介面同羽毛球。仲可以用導電線材將電路綫嵌入布料入面。

The Recognition

About the A' Design Award 銅獎

DefeXtiles 紡織物製造技術是 A' Design Award 銅獎得主，這是授予以創造力、獨創性和敏銳見長的傑出設計的極具聲望的認可。銅獎得主是技藝嫻熟、創意驚人的作品，印證了其設計師豐富的經驗、想像力與機智。預計DefeXtiles 紡織物製造技術將成為一件備受推崇、令人欽佩且被珍愛的物品，兼具顯著的專業性與創新性。這件贏得 A' Design Award 銅獎的設計融入藝術、科學、設計和技術領域的最佳實踐，並因注重細節而出類拔萃。DefeXtiles 紡織物製造技術出色地滿足需求，觸動渴望，迷住情感，並吸引好奇心。

Behind the Design

Press Kit

Credits, team members and technical details provided by the designer.

Unique Properties: DefeXtiles is a rapid and low-cost technique to produce realistic high-fidelity textiles on 3D printers. In this work, we demonstrate that under-extrusion defects can be finely controlled to quickly print thin flexible textiles into complex 3D shapes. Our approach enables a myriad of applications including printing full sized garments, deformable tangible interfaces, and ultra-tough shuttlecocks.
Tags: textile, 3d print, lace, advanced manufacturing, fabric
Production Technology: In this paper, we demonstrate that under-extrusion can be leveraged to quickly print thin, flexible, textiles. Specifically, as the extrusion multiplier decreases, there exists an ideal regime where globs form with fine strands connecting them. The periodic gaps that arise from printing this way not only yields textile-like aesthetics and breathability, but also textile-like properties such as flexibility and stretchability even with classically rigid materials such as polylactic acid (PLA).
Design Challenge: To democratize access and ability to make 3D forms with textiles by developing a new technique that allows textiles to be 3D printed into complex 3-dimensional forms using unmodified commodity 3D printer and no new software.
Research: We present a new strategy, called DefeXtiles, to 3D print quasi-woven fabrics that are thin, flexible, and fast to fabricate. Since our approach prints the textiles perpendicular to the print bed, complex geometries can be produced including pleated, curved, and metamaterial structures. With our approach, a standard 3D printer can print decameters of fabric in a single print. The use of multi-material printers allows users to embed circuit traces into the textile via conductive filament.
Inspiration: For thousands of years, the manufacturing of textiles into shaped forms has remained largely the same; fiber becomes a fabric which is then constructed into a 3D object. The high-tech approach, machine knitting, uses expensive machines with a significant learning curve for use. The low-tech approach, classic sewing, requires painstaking processes. As such, there is a need for a fast and accessible approach to manufacture textiles into 3D forms.
Project Duration: Started in October 2019 in Cambridge Massachusettes, and finished in June 2020. The work will be presented and demoed at the ACM User Interface Software and Technology Symposium 2020.
Operation Flow: This work has introduced a new approach to quickly print thin, flexible textiles composed of common 3D printing ma-terials with an unmodified 3D printer. Our approach com-bines the flexible, thin, and breathable properties of textiles with the affordances of 3D printing: rapid iteration, hands-free fabrication, and computer aided design. Through char-acterization, we demonstrate how our approach enables tun-ing of the mechanical and aesthetic properties through mate-rial and parameter selection. Through a series of applica-tions, we demonstrated the potential applicability of our approach for smart textiles, tangible online shopping, toys, fabric design, and everyday life.
Team Members: Jack Forman, Mustafa Doga Dogan, Hamilton Foryseth and Hiroshi Ishii