AI Sampling Singapore Primary Function: Wunnarchitektur by Immanuel Koh

AI Sampling Singapore Primary Function: Wunnarchitektur by Immanuel Koh is a highly esteemed winner of the very prestigious 2025 A' Design Award an Eisen in Generativt, Algorithmesch, Parametrescht a KI-ënnerstëtzt Design Competition Category.

EisenGenerativ· 2025

AI Sampling Singapore Primary Function: Wunnarchitektur

by Immanuel Koh

Client: Immanuel Koh

A' Design Award an Eisen Winner in Generativ Category

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Verified Award Winner

Verify Award Status for #170593

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The Design

About AI Sampling Singapore Primary Function: Wunnarchitektur

Book Text: Singapur ass eng kënschtlech Stad. Trainéiert mat engem grousse Datesaz vun 3D-digitale Modeller vun Héichhaiser, déi zu Singapur fonnt ginn, generéiert dat speziell entworf KI-Modell net nëmme formell plausibel a semantesch kohärent Konfiguratiounen, mä fänkt och un, nei an onheemlech architektonesch Formen ze imaginéieren, andeems et tëschent Standard-Héichhauswunntypologien wéi de Plack-, Punkt- a Clusterbléck interpoléiert an extrapoléiert.

The Recognition

About the A' Design Award an Eisen

AI Sampling Singapore Primary Function: Wunnarchitektur ass e Gewënner vum A' Design Award an Eisen, enger prestigiéiser Unerkennung, déi un gutt Designe vergi gëtt, déi déi professionell an industriell Ufuerderunge erfëllen, déi vu gutt gestaltene Kreatioune erwaart ginn. Eisen-Gewënner weisen déi grouss Fäegkeet, déi héich Spezialiséierung, dat Expertewëssen an d'kreativ Kapazitéit vun hire Schëpfer. Et gëtt erwaart, datt AI Sampling Singapore Primary Function: Wunnarchitektur eng héich geschätzt, bewonnert a beléifte Kreatioun ass, déi praktesch an innovativ ass. Dëst mam Eisen ausgezeechent Design integréiert déi beschte Praktike vun der Industrie a huet kompetent technesch Eegeschaften, déi mat Know-how an Talent verbonne sinn. AI Sampling Singapore Primary Function: Wunnarchitektur gëtt fir seng Grëndlechkeet respektéiert a ass gestalt, d'Liewensqualitéit ze verbesseren an ze hëllefen, d'Welt zu enger besserer Plaz ze maachen.

Behind the Design

Press Kit

Credits, team members and technical details provided by the designer.

Unique Properties: Is it possible to sample at scale and at high-resolution every single building ever built in a country? If so, can such a dataset be used to train an AI model in generating new yet locally compliant buildings without any explicit regulatory control inputs? The project explores the design agency of deep generative neural networks in learning three-dimensional exteriority and interiority with a redesigned 3D generative adversarial network (3D-GAN) AI model. Winner of WAFX2024, IDA2024 and BLT2024.
Dimensions & Packaging: This is a digital AI x Architecture project. Each generated output is a new high-rise high-density residential public housing of up to 30 floors.
Tags: AI
Production Technology: A custom generative AI model was trained from scratch using proprietary code base and dataset. Specifically, a 3D generative adversarial network (3D-GAN) AI model was trained to learn semantic and spatial configuration of high-rise high-density residential public housing in Singapore.
Design Challenge: The non-existence of 3D models and their corresponding floor plans was the first challenge. New workflow and tools had to be developed to not only collect (i.e., digitally and physically), but create (annotate) and curate (i.e., exploratory data analysis) such high quality dataset to train an AI model from scratch. Technically difficult due to the scalability of similar CAD representation which was overcome via a novel AI latent representation of 3D.
Research: A custom generative AI model was trained from scratch using proprietary code base and dataset. Specifically, a 3D generative adversarial network (3D-GAN) AI model was trained to learn semantic and spatial configuration of high-rise high-density residential public housing in Singapore.
Inspiration: Singapore is an artificial city! Trained with a large dataset of 3D digital models of high-rise buildings found in Singapore, the custom-designed AI model generates not only formally plausible and semantically coherent configurations, but begins to also imagine novel and uncanny architectural forms, interpolating and extrapolating among standard high-rise housing typologies such as the slab, point, and cluster blocks. Project exhibited at Venice Architecture Biennale and Singapore's Arts House.
Project Duration: This is an on-going and longer-term AI x Architecture research being conducted at the university design lab since 2021. It was however only published much later as an official architectural design award entry from 2024 onwards.
Operation Flow: This is a digital AI x Architecture generative research project, while the dataset was digitally collected from existing physical buildings in Singapore.
Patents: Currently no patent.
Team Members: Artificial-Architecture
Image Credits: All credits: Artificial-Architecture